Persian took all Israel

 

Yes, Cyrus the Great took control of the entire region that previously constituted both the Northern Kingdom of Israel and the Southern Kingdom of Judah, as his conquest of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 B.C. encompassed the Levant

. 

Here are the key details regarding Cyrus and the northern territory:
  • Geographical Control: After conquering Babylon, Cyrus became the master of all Western Asia, which included the territory of the former Northern Kingdom of Israel (taken by Assyria in 722 B.C.) and the Southern Kingdom of Judah (taken by Babylon in 586 B.C.).
  • Policy on Exile: While the Edict of Cyrus (circa 538 B.C.) specifically authorized the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem and allowed the Jewish exiles from Judah to return, his general policy was to allow deported peoples throughout his empire to return to their homelands.
  • Northern Tribes (Israel): Unlike the Kingdom of Judah, the ten tribes of the Northern Kingdom (Israel) did not have a specific, recorded edict granting them permission to return and rebuild their homeland, as they had been dispersed by the Assyrians much earlier. While the entire region was under Persian control, the return was primarily focused on Judeans returning to Jerusalem. 
In summary, Cyrus controlled the land, but his decree focused on the repatriation of the southern kingdom (Judah) to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. 
No, Nebuchadnezzar didn't take the 

Northern Kingdom (Israel) captive; that was the Assyrians centuries earlier (722 BC), but he conquered the Southern Kingdom of Judah, initiating the Babylonian Captivity (starting 597 BC and culminating in 586 BC) by deporting many Jews, including King Jehoiachin and figures like Daniel, to Babylon. 

Key Points:
  • Northern Kingdom (Israel): Conquered by Assyria around 722 BC, its people (the Ten Lost Tribes) were scattered, as detailed in this article.
  • Southern Kingdom (Judah): Conquered by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon in stages (597 BC, 586 BC), as described in this article.
  • Babylonian Captivity: This refers to the forced exile of Jews from Judah to Babylon, a significant event in Jewish history, marked by the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple by Nebuchadnezzar's forces.
  • Key Figures: Daniel was among those taken captive to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, according to this Wikipedia entry. 

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